Francois Louw has been cited for allegedly making contact with the eye area of Marco Fuser during Bath's Champions Cup win over Treviso last Saturday.
The incident is alleged to have occurred in the 77th minute of Bath's 23-0 victory and Louw must attend an independent disciplinary hearing in London on Wednesday.
If found guilty the Bath and South Africa flanker could face a lengthy spell on the sidelines. Under World Rugby sanctions, contact with the eye area carries a suspension of between 12 and 52 weeks for a 'top end' offence.
Fuser has also been cited for allegedly biting Louw while Leicester flanker Mike Williams is claimed to have charged into a ruck and made contact with the head/face area of Racing 92's Henry Chavancy.
Two other players are up on charges of making contact with the eye area - Krasny Yar's Valerii Tsnobiladze and Stade Francais scrum-half Terry Bouhraoua, with the latter also alleged to have struck the former with his knee during Saturday's Challenge Cup Pool 4 opener.